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A tooth extraction is generally considered a last-resort treatment in dentistry. Performed to preserve oral health and resolve intraoral problems, extraction can become necessary in certain situations. In this article you will find everything you need to know about the extraction process and aftercare.
A tooth extraction is the removal of a tooth from the jawbone. This procedure is performed when a tooth is irreversibly damaged, or when severe infection, decay, periodontal disease or other oral health problems occur. Extraction is an important step to protect oral health and prevent more serious complications.
Tooth extraction may be recommended in the following situations:
Severe tooth decay: Teeth that are extensively decayed and cannot be saved.
Periodontal disease: Teeth that have lost supporting structures due to advanced gum disease.
Fractured or damaged teeth: Teeth broken or damaged beyond repair.
Infections: Severe infections or abscesses at the root.
Crowding: To create space for orthodontic treatment.
Impacted teeth: Teeth that cannot erupt properly and cause problems.
Examination and Assessment: The first step is a clinical examination and assessment with your dentist. Your dentist will determine whether extraction is necessary and explain the procedure.
Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is applied so you do not feel pain during the extraction. This numbs the tooth and surrounding tissues.
Tooth Removal: The dentist carefully removes the tooth from the jawbone. Modern techniques are used to minimize trauma to the gum and surrounding tissues.
Bleeding Control and Care: After extraction, sterile gauze is used to control bleeding. Your dentist will provide post-operative care instructions.
To promote healing and reduce the risk of infection after extraction, pay attention to the following:
Bleeding control: Bite gently on the provided gauze for 30–45 minutes to help stop bleeding.
Pain management: Use painkillers recommended by your dentist and apply cold compresses if needed.
Eating and drinking: Avoid hot foods and beverages for the first 24 hours; choose soft and cool foods.
Oral hygiene: Avoid rinsing vigorously during the first 24 hours. Brush gently and avoid disturbing the extraction site.
Suture care: If sutures were placed, follow care instructions and attend the follow-up appointment for suture removal.
Extraction is generally safe, but complications can occur:
Dry socket (alveolitis): Loss of the blood clot at the extraction site causing delayed healing.
Infection: Risk of infection at the extraction site.
Nerve injury: Possible nerve damage, particularly with lower teeth.
Following your dentist’s instructions and attending follow-up visits reduces the risk of complications.
To replace the tooth and restore function and aesthetics, several options are available:
Dental implants: A long-lasting solution to fill extraction spaces.
Bridges: Fixed prosthetic restorations that replace missing teeth.
Dentures: Removable or fixed prostheses to rehabilitate missing teeth.
Tooth extraction is an important treatment for maintaining oral health. If you are experiencing severe dental problems or pain, contact your dentist to discuss whether extraction is necessary.
