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Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry that diagnoses and treats dental and jaw irregularities. Correcting problems such as crooked teeth, misaligned jaws and bite issues is important both aesthetically and functionally. Orthodontic treatment helps achieve a healthy, well-aligned dentition in both children and adults. In this article you will find everything you need to know about what orthodontics is, who is suitable for treatment, and the treatment process.
Orthodontics is the dental specialty that ensures the proper alignment of teeth and jaws. It aims to treat aesthetic and functional problems resulting from misaligned teeth or jaws. Orthodontic treatment is performed using braces, wires, clear aligners and other orthodontic appliances.
Orthodontic treatment is suitable for people with a variety of dental and jaw problems, including:
Crowded teeth: Teeth that overlap or are not properly aligned.
Spaced teeth: Gaps between the teeth.
Jaw problems: Upper or lower jaw positioned too far forward or backward (overbite, underbite, crossbite).
Incorrect occlusion: Problems with how the teeth come together or bite issues.
Tooth–jaw mismatches: Aesthetic and functional issues caused by disharmony between teeth and jaws.
Orthodontic care can be delivered with different methods depending on the patient’s needs:
Metal braces and wires: Traditional metal brackets and archwires used to move teeth into correct positions.
Ceramic brackets: Work like metal braces but are tooth-coloured for a more aesthetic appearance.
Clear aligners (e.g., Invisalign): Removable, nearly invisible trays used to gradually shift teeth.
Lingual braces: Brackets bonded to the back surfaces of the teeth so they are not visible from the front.
Functional appliances: Devices used to correct jaw discrepancies by guiding jaw growth and position.
The orthodontic process usually includes several steps and varies by case:
Examination & Assessment: The dentist/orthodontist evaluates tooth and jaw relationships using clinical exams and radiographs, then creates a treatment plan.
Treatment Planning: The clinician determines the most appropriate method and informs the patient about the expected course and duration.
Placement of Appliances: The selected braces, wires or aligners are applied; these are regularly adjusted to guide tooth movement.
Regular Check-ups: Ongoing appointments for adjustments and monitoring of treatment progress.
Post-treatment Care: After active treatment, retainers are used to maintain the teeth in their new positions and prevent relapse.
Straight teeth and an attractive smile: Orthodontics yields a well-aligned, aesthetic dentition.
Improved chewing function: Proper tooth and jaw alignment enhances chewing efficiency.
Better oral health: Straight teeth are easier to clean, reducing the risk of cavities and gum disease.
Increased self-confidence: A healthy, attractive smile improves confidence and social interactions.
Orthodontic care not only improves appearance but also enhances oral and overall health. Untreated tooth and jaw irregularities can lead to more serious problems over time, so it is important to consult an orthodontist if you notice issues. Orthodontic treatment can be performed at any age and helps you achieve a healthy bite and smile.
